Internet Infrastructure
Internet Infra Layer 0 Masterclass 02 / 08

Keto

nodl Co-Founder • Infrastructure Architect • Network Engineer

Biography

Michel Luczak, known in the Bitcoin community as Keto or Keto Miner, is the co-founder of nodl, a company that builds plug-and-play Bitcoin and Lightning full node hardware. Based in Paris, France, he has been deeply involved in Bitcoin infrastructure since 2017.

Before Bitcoin, Keto built extensive expertise in network infrastructure, working as an Infrastructure Architect at France Televisions, the French national public broadcaster. This background in large-scale network operations gave him deep knowledge of BGP routing, network architecture, and the physical layer of the internet.

In 2018, Keto achieved a significant milestone by implementing one of the first Tor support integrations for Bitcoin nodes, allowing users to run their nodes privately over the Tor network. This work was foundational for the privacy-preserving node infrastructure that exists today.

The nodl hardware has grown to serve over 1,300 daily active users across 40+ countries, making sovereign Bitcoin node operation accessible to non-technical users. The company focuses on making self-hosted infrastructure simple and reliable.

Technical Contributions

Keto's contributions sit at the intersection of Bitcoin software and physical network infrastructure:

  • nodl Hardware Nodes: Designed and built Bitcoin full node hardware that integrates Bitcoin Core, LND, BTCPay Server, and other essential services into a turnkey device.
  • Early Tor Integration: Pioneered running Bitcoin nodes over Tor in 2018, contributing to the privacy infrastructure that protects node operators from surveillance.
  • BGP & Network Tools: Created asn-tools, a repository for BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) analysis tools, reflecting his expertise in internet routing infrastructure.
  • nodl Manager: Developed the management interface for nodl devices, making node administration accessible through a web UI.
  • Infrastructure Design: Extensive knowledge of how Bitcoin data traverses the physical internet, including ISP routing, peering, and network resilience.

Masterclass: Internet Infrastructure

This masterclass explores Layer 0 — the physical and network infrastructure that carries Bitcoin data. Before any transaction reaches a miner or a Lightning node, it must traverse the internet. Understanding this layer is critical for building resilient Bitcoin systems.

Internet Infrastructure for Bitcoin
Layer 0 • Feb 26, 2026

Topics likely covered include:

  • How Bitcoin data travels across the internet: BGP, ISP routing, peering
  • Running a sovereign Bitcoin node: hardware, software, and network considerations
  • Privacy at the network layer: Tor, I2P, VPNs for node operators
  • Infrastructure resilience: what happens when ISPs censor or partition
  • Mesh networking and satellite relay as backup transport
  • The nodl approach: making self-sovereignty accessible

Resources & Preparation

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